Introduction: Are Constituency Development Funds a policy tool? / Mark Baskin -- Why CDFs in Africa? Representation vs. constituency service / Joel D. Barkan and Robert Mattes -- Money for small things: experience and lessons of Kenya's Constituency Development Fund / David Ndii -- In name only: Uganda's Constituency Development Fund / Nelson Kasfir and Steven Hippo Twebaze -- Earmarks in the United States / Diana Evans -- Drug dons and the development of executive driven bi-partisan CDFs in Jamaica / Horace Bartilow -- Constituency needs, constitutional propriety and clientelist patronage: Constituency Development Funds in India / Harry Blair -- Conclusion: Constituency Development Funds and the role of the representative / Michael L. Mezey.