The core argument of this book is that China poses both challenges and creates opportunities for Africa, and that the transformative potentials of China-Africa engagements can be compared to Africa's experiences with European colonialism. However, it would be patently misleading to claim any equivalence between African experiences of European colonialism with Africa's engagements with China. Although, China does not replicate the exact colonial model, its actions have all elements of dependent relations, thus underpinning neo-colonialism with Chinese characteristics. Analysing China's growing economic relations with Africa, this book posits that, Africa's underdevelopment situation with China does not indicate a significant point of departure from the colonial model of development because China's actions in Africa, although not exactly colonial, have all possibilities of Neocolonialist model with Chinese characteristics. As such the author argues that China's increasing trade, FDI inflow and influence on the economic growth and development in Africa will result in a long-term negative impact in development outcomes and capacity building, governance practice, democratic transition and human rights for future self-reliance and sustainable development. PART ONE -- Chapter 1: This chapter overviews historical connection between China and Africa and moves on to engage critical debates surrounding Africa countries shift towards China, exploring scholarly discussions that have accompanied this change from within and outside African continent -- Chapter 2: Chapter two will examine new path of China's growing economic relationship with the African continent as one of the most observed aspects of the continent's expanding global engagement in the recent history -- Chapter 3: This chapter will focus on "African Agency" in China-Africa relations and/or the role of African leadership in shaping relationship with China -- Chapter 4: This Chapter Four will explore comparative analysis of China's economic relations with Angola and Rwanda -- PART TWO -- Chapter 5: Chapter Five will study the impact of China on Accountability, Human rights and Governance Practice in Africa. In essence, the model of China's economic activities and its lack of concern for human rights and governance raise logical concerns that China's engagement carries element of Neo-Colonialism -- Chapter 6: Chapter Five will explore the impact of China's trade and investment on employment generation and the transfer of skills and technology: the case of Angola and Rwanda -- Chapter 7: Conclusion: This concluding chapter will assess of overall discussions in the previous chapters and debates is China- Benefactor or Exploite