The transition debate: theories and critique -- Rethinking the origins of capitalism: the theory of uneven and combined development -- The long thirteenth century: structural crisis, conjunctural catastrophe -- The Ottoman-Hapsburg rivalry over the long sixteenth century -- The Atlantic sources of European capitalism, territorial sovereignty and the modern self -- The 'classical' bourgeois revolutions in the history of uneven and combined development -- Combined encounters: Dutch colonisation in Southeast Asia and the contradictions of 'free labour' -- Origins of the great divergence over the Longus Durée: rethinking the 'rise of the West'. The Problem of Eurocentrism -- Confronting the Problematic of Sociohistorical Difference -- What is Capitalism? -- What Is Geopolitics? -- Introduction -- The 'Commercialisation Model' Revisited: World-Systems Analysis and the Transition to Capitalism -- The Making of the Modern World- System: The Wallerstein Thesis -- The Problem of Eurocentrism -- The Problem of Historical Specificity -- The Spatiotemporal Limits of Political Marxism -- The Brenner Thesis: Explanation and Critique -- The Geopolitical in the Making of Capitalism -- The Political Marxist Conception of Capitalism -- The Problematic of Sociohistorical Difference: Postcolonial Studies Engaging Capital -- The Eurocentrism of Historicism -- The Violence of Abstraction -- The Lacuna of Postcolonial Theory -- Conclusion -- Introduction -- The Theory of Uneven and Combined Development: Exposition and Critiques -- Unevenness -- Combination Seeing Through a Prism Darkly? Uneven and Combined Development beyond the Eurocentric Gaze -- Trotsky beyond Trotsky? Uneven and Combined Development before Capitalism -- More Questions than Answers: Method, Abstraction and Historicity in Marx's Thought -- Modes of Production Versus Uneven and Combined Development? A False Antithesis -- Conclusion: Towards an 'Internationalist Historiography' of Capitalism -- Introduction -- Pax Mongolica as a Vector of Uneven and Combined Development -- The Nomadic Mode of Production and Uneven and Combined Development -- The World-Historical Significance of the Mongol Empire -- Trade, Commerce, and Socio-Economic Development under the Pax Mongolica -- Apocalypse Then: The Black Death and the Crisis of Feudalism -- Class Struggle and the Changing Balance of Class Forces in Europe -- Peasant Differentiation in the Age of the Black Death -- Development of the Productive Forces -- Conclusion -- Introduction Unevenness: A Clash of Social Reproduction -- Ottoman-European Relations -- The Tributary and Feudal Modes of Production: Unevenness Combined -- Ottoman 'Penalties of Progressiveness' -- European 'Privileges of Backwardness' -- Combination: Pax Ottomana and European Trade -- The Ottoman 'Whip of External Necessity' -- The Breakdown of Christendom -- The Ottoman Blockade and the Emergence of the Atlantic -- The Ottoman Buffer and English Primitive Accumulation -- Conclusion: The Ottoman Empire as a Vector of Uneven and Combined Development -- Introduction -- Imagining Europe in the Atlantic Mirror: Rethinking the Territorialised Sovereign, Self and Other -- Tearing Down the Ideological Walls of Christendom: From Sacred to Secular Universalism in the Construction of the European Self and Non-European Other -- Legitimising Colonialism: The Historical Sociological Foundations of Eurocentrism -- Culture Wars in the Americas The Colonial Origins of the Modern Territorialised States System -- 1492 in the History of Uneven and Combined Development -- The Smithian Moment: American Treasures and So-Called Primitive Accumulation -- Sublating the Smithian Moment: From Smith to Marx via 'the International' -- Primitive Accumulation Proper: From 'Simple' to 'Expanded' Reproduction -- The Uneven and Combined Development of Plantation Slavery -- The Sociological Unevenness of the Atlantic -- Sociological Combination in the Plantation System -- New World Slavery and the Rise o Industrial Capitalism -- Contributions to the Sphere of Circulation -- Contributions to the Sphere of Production -- Conclusion: Colonies, Merchants and the Transition to Capitalism -- Introduction -- The Concept of Bourgeois Revolution -- Reconceptualising Bourgeois Revolutions: A Consequentialist Approach -- Reconstructing Consequentialism through Uneven and Combined Development The Origins of Capitalism and the Bourgeois Revolution in the Low Countries -- The Rise of Dutch Capitalism: An International Perspective -- The Making of the Dutch Revolt -- The English Revolution in the History of Uneven and Combined Development -- Rediscovering the English Revolution -- Social Forces in the Making of the British Revolution -- 1789 in the History of Uneven and Combined Development -- Peculiarities of the French Revolution? -- Capitalism and the Absolutist State in France -- The Origins of the Capitalist Revolution in France -- Capitalist Consequences of the French Revolution -- Conclusion -- Introduction -- The Specificity and Limits of Dutch Capitalism -- Dutch Institutional Innovations -- The Limits of Dutch 'Domestic' Capitalism -- Unevenness and Combination in the Pre-Colonial Indian Ocean Littoral -- The Intersocietal System of the Indian Ocean -- South Asia beyond the Eurocentric Gaze The Dutch Encounter: A Policy of Combination -- The Specificities and 'Success' of Dutch Strategies of Integration and Domination in Southeast Asia -- The Moluccas -- The Banda Islands -- Indian Textiles -- Conclusion -- Introduction -- Rethinking the 'Rise of the West': Advances and Impasses in the Revisionist Challenge -- Points of Agreement: European 'Backwardness' and the Role of the Colonies -- Late and Lucky: Contingences, the Eurasian Homogeneity Thesis, and the Great Divergence -- Structure and Conjuncture in the 'Rise of the West' -- The Geopolitical Competition Model and Its Limits -- Feudalism, Merchants, and the European States System in the Transition to Capitalism -- Unevenness Combined: North-South Interactions in the 'Rise of the West' -- The Conjunctural Moment of 'Overtaking': Britain's Colonisation of India -- The Significance of India's Colonisation to the 'Rise of the West' -- The Mughal Empire and the Tributary Mode of Production The Imperial Revenue System and Agricultural Decline in the Mughal Empire -- European Trade and Colonial Conquest: Towards 1757 -- Conclusion.