Introduction: Entrepreneurs, military supply, and state formation in the late Medieval and early modern periods : new directions / Jeff Fynn-Paul, Marjolein 't Hart and Griet Vermeesch -- Part 1. The medieval origins of military entrepreneurialism -- Military enterprise in Florence at the time of the Black Death, 1349-1350 / William Caferro -- Military entrepreneurs in the Crown of Aragon during the Castilian-Aragonese War, 1356-1375 / Jeff Fynn-Paul -- Part 2. Early modern evolution : varieties of entrepreneurial freedom -- The military enterpriser in the Thirty Years' War / David Parrott -- Public service and private profit : British fiscal-military entrepreneurship overseas, 1707-1712 / Aaron Graham -- Entrepreneurs and the recruitment of the British Army in the War of American Independence, 1775-1783 / Stephen Conway -- Suppliers to the Royal African Company and the Royal Navy in the early eighteenth century / Helen Julia Paul -- Accounting for power : bookkeeping and the rationalization of Dutch naval administration / Pepijn Brandon -- The prince as a military entrepreneur? Why smaller Saxon territories sent "Hollandische Regimenter" (Dutch regiments) to the Dutch Republic / Andrea Thiele -- The grip of the state? Government control over provision of the army in the Austrian Netherlands, 1725-1744 / Thomas Goossens -- Part 3. Early modern evolution : controlling and circumventing the entrepreneur -- Agency government in Louis XIV's France : the military treasurers of the elite forces / Guy Rowlands -- Centralized funding of the army in Spain : the Garrison Factoria in the seventeenth century / Carlos Alvarez-Nogal -- In the shadow of power : monopolist entrepreneurs, the state and Spanish military victualling in the eighteenth century / Rafael Torres Sanchez -- Part 4. Ottoman perspectives -- Rewarding success in military enterprise : forms used for the incentivizing of commanders and their troops in the Ottoman military system of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries / Rhoads Murphey -- The evolution of Ottoman military logistical systems in the later eighteenth century : the rise of a new class of military entrepreneur / Kahraman Sakul