Cover; Title; Copyright; Contents; List of tables; Acknowledgements; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Introduction and motivation; 1.2 Behavioural economics; 1.2.1 Models of economic agents; 1.2.2 Behavioural decision research; 1.3 Intertheoretic relations; 1.3.1 Theory reduction; 1.3.2 Non-reductive intertheoretic relations; 1.4 An idealisation-based account; 1.4.1 Philosophical accounts of idealisation; 1.4.2 Deidealising economic theory; 1.5 Summary of the following chapters; 2 The ontological status of economic preferences; 2.1 Behaviouristic versus mentalistic interpretations of preferences. 2.2 The behaviouristic interpretation of preferences2.2.1 Two methodological arguments against the behaviouristic preference concept; 2.3 The mentalistic interpretation of preferences; 2.3.1 Deidealising economic theory based on psychological insights; 2.3.2 Testing hypotheses about mentalistic preferences; 2.4 Conclusions; 3 Selectionist arguments against a deidealisation of economics; 3.1 Selection processes as the object of economic theory; 3.2 The limits of the selectionist interpretation; 3.3 Conclusions; 4 Aggregation and the deidealisation of economic theory. 4.1 Correction as a goal of intertheoretic relations4.2 Investigating the scope of standard economic theory with model-based strategies; 4.2.1 A model of random choice; 4.2.2 The effect of small deviations from rationality; 4.2.3 Determining the influence of rational agents; 4.3 Experimental investigations of the scope of standard economic theory; 4.3.1 Measuring the market-level effect of individual-level biases; 4.3.2 The effect of heterogeneity of the population of agents; 4.4 A comparison of model-based and experimental methods; 4.5 Conclusions. 5 Explanatory autonomy and intertheoretic relations5.1 The idea of an explanatorily independent discipline; 5.2 The economic aspect of the world; 5.3 The explanatory independence of economics; 5.3.1 Psychological presuppositions of economic theory; 5.4 Arguing about the scope of economic theory; 5.4.1 Questioning the normative correctness of the standard theory; 5.4.2 Restricting the scope of economic theory; 5.4.3 Extending the scope of economics; 5.4.4 A theory-based understanding of the scope of economic theory; 5.5 Conclusions; 6 Localising anomalies of economic theory. 6.1 Disconfirming single hypotheses6.1.1 Holism; 6.1.2 Underdetermination and experimental control; 6.2 Isolating critical assumptions of economic theory; 6.2.1 Cooperation in the ultimatum game; 6.2.2 Testing hypotheses about cooperative behaviour; 6.3 The role of psychology in isolating critical assumptions; 6.4 Conclusions; 7 The structure of behavioural economic theories; 7.1 Behavioural economic theories as deidealisations; 7.2 Examples of behavioural economic theories; 7.2.1 Loss aversion; 7.2.2 Inequity-aversion; 7.3 The testability of behavioural economic theories.