Foreword / Introduction: A New Look at the "Resistance" -- The Main Traits of the Nazi Occupation in Europe. Fundamental Objectives. Principal Forms of Domination. Political Expressions of Collaboration. Reasons for State Collaboration: A Comparison between Denmark and France -- Which Resistance? Which History of the Resistance? The Field of Civilian Resistance -- The Complexities of Noncooperation. The Complexity of Behaviors Toward the Occupying Forces. The Progressive Radicalization of Relations between the Occupying Forces and the Occupied Population -- The Question of Legitimacy. Norway's Steadfastness. France's Alienation. The Netherlands' Contradictions. Two Political Rationales for Resistance -- Elements of Social Cohesion. Internal Factors. External Factors. Laws of Reactivity -- The Role of Opinion. From Opinion to Resistance. The Public Expression of Resisting Opinion. The Political Walls of Civil Society. The Theory of the Three Circles -- Civilian Resistance Against Repression. Provoked Repression. Restrained Repression. Other Factors of Vulnerability -- Civilian Resistance to the Genocide. The Strategy of Victimization. The Screen of State. The Screen of Opinion. The Screen of Social Networks. The Terminal Stage of Cancer. Can Genocide Be Prevented? -- Which Role for Which Results? Surviving in an Independent Society. Direct, Indirect, and Dissuasive Effectiveness. Conclusion: The New Field of Civilian-Based Defense Strategies -- Appendix: Elements of Methodology