Foreword; About the Authors; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Overview; Perceived Risk; Figures Framework:; O.1 Framework: Risks and Opportunities to Cooperation; Tables; O.1 Five Categories of Risk; Enhancing Cooperation; O.2 Seven Categories of Risk Reduction; Key Messages; Chapter 1 Introduction and Approach; Justification; Background; Assessing Risk; 1.1 Five Categories of Risk; Reducing Risk and Building Opportunity; Role of Third Parties; A New Way of Looking at a Cooperation Decision; Assumptions; 1.1 Framework: Risks and Opportunities to Cooperation; Cases and Tipping Points. ObjectivesNotes; References; Chapter 2 Application of the Framework; Introduction of the Cases and Context; Analysis of Cases; 2.1 Basin Geographies; 2.2 Characteristics of Basin Water Use and Development; Eastern Nile, 1999-2004; 2.3 Selected Countries and Tipping Points; Maps; 2.1 The Eastern Nile River Basin; Ganges, 1994-98; 2.2 The Ganges River Basin; Niger, 1998-2004; 2.3 The Niger River Basin; Syr Darya, 1996-2002; 2.4 The Syr Darya River Basin; Zambezi, 2000-04; 2.5 The Zambezi River Basin; Summary; 2.1 Summary of Key Observations; Notes; References; Chapter 3 Understanding Risk. The Five Categories of RiskCore versus Operational Risks; Notes; References; Chapter 4 Enhancing Cooperation; Reducing Risk; 4.1 Matching Risk Reduction Strategies to Risks; 4.1 Seven Categories of Risk Reduction; Building Opportunity; 4.2 Illustrative Risk Reduction Strategies by Basin; Various Paths to Cooperation; Notes; References; 4.2 Paths to Cooperation; Chapter 5 Pointers for Partners; Specific Partner Actions; 5.1 Timeline of Suggested Partner Actions; 5.1 Illustrative Risk Reduction Support Measures; Additional Considerations; Systematic, Iterative Action; Notes; References. Chapter 6 Conclusion: Lessons LearnedOn Risk and Risk Reduction; 6.1 Lessons Learned; On Opportunity and Opportunity Enhancement; On Supporting Cooperation; Reference; Appendix A Global Streams of Influence; Introduction; International Water Law: The Legal Stream; A.1 Legal Influences and Associated Contributions, 1911-2008; The Global Environmental Movement--The Environment Stream; A.2 Environmental Influences and Associated Contributions, 1965-2002; The Inception and Institutionalization of IWRM--The IWRM Stream; A.3 IWRM Influences and Associated Contributions, 1991-2009. A.1 Timeline of Events along the Three Streams of InfluenceConclusion; Notes; References.