Introduction -- Theocracy and the Separation of Powers -- The Economics of Theocracy -- Serving God in a Largely Theocratic Society: Rivalry and Cooperation between Church and King -- Theocracy, Natural Spiritual Monopoly and Dictatorship -- On the Economics of the Socialist Theocracy of the Jesuits in Paraguay (1609-1767) -- Combining Autocracy and Majority Voting: The Canonical SuccessionRules of the Latin Church -- Theocracy and the Evolution of Morals -- Theocracy as a Screening Device -- Learning and Imitation by Theocracies -- An Essay on the Muslim Gap: Religiosity and the Political System -- The Political Economy of a Semi-Industrialized Theocratic State: The Islamic Republicof Iran.