This publication examines the impact of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on trade in the Asia-Pacific region. As tariffs on traded goods have fallen on average over recent years, non-tariff measures have emerged as one of the principal obstacles to trade. In recent years there has been a proliferation of new NTMs in Asia-Pacific economies, including in developing countries. This proliferation of NTMs may be disadvantageous for developing economies in general, and least developed countries in particular. Moreover, progress in achieving future international development goals, will depend on ensuring that developing economies can continue to expand their trade and investment flows, including through streamlining NTMs.