Macroeconomics in ecological context için kapak resmi
Başlık:
Macroeconomics in ecological context
Yazar:
Seeley, Karl. author
ISBN:
9783319517551

9783319517575
Yazar Ek Girişi:
Fiziksel Tanımlama:
xix, 374 pages : figure ; 24 cm.
Seri:
Studies in ecological economics ; volume 5.
İçerik:
Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Reference -- Contents -- Acronyms -- Part I Building Blocks -- 1 The Economy in the World -- 1.1 The History of Pasta -- 1.2 The Economic Perspective -- 1.3 Macroeconomics vs. Microeconomics -- 1.4 What Is an Economy For? -- 1.5 What Economics Actually Measures -- 1.6 A Look Ahead -- Problems -- References -- 2 Resources and Economic Processes -- 2.1 Ecosystems and Resource Use -- 2.2 Gradients -- 2.3 Renewable vs. Exhaustible Resources -- 2.4 Major Types of Renewable Resources -- 2.5 The Rational Use of Exhaustible Resources -- 2.6 Technology and Resource Use -- Problems -- References -- 3 Key Variables. 3.1 GDP3.1.1 Don't Double-Count -- 3.1.2 GDP, Value Added, and Resources -- 3.1.3 What GDP Isn't -- 3.2 Resource Use -- 3.2.1 Aggregate Energy Use -- 3.2.2 Ecological Footprints -- 3.3 Inflation -- 3.3.1 Price Indexes -- 3.3.2 Applying a Price Index -- 3.3.3 Calculating Inflation -- 3.4 Unemployment -- 3.5 Interest Rates -- 3.5.1 Real vs. Nominal Interest -- 3.6 Foreign Affairs -- 3.6.1 Interpreting the Balance of Payments -- 3.7 Exchange Rates -- 3.7.1 Exchange Rates and Interest Rates -- 3.7.2 Exchange Rates and the Overall Investment Climate -- Appendix: Price Indexes -- Appendix: Real and Nominal Interest Rates. Appendix: Real Exchange RatesAppendix: Data Links -- Problems -- References -- Part II The Long-Run Model -- 4 Labor, Resources, and the Production Function -- 4.1 Overview -- 4.2 The Production Function -- 4.2.1 Diminishing Marginal Product -- 4.2.2 Output, Value, and GDP -- 4.2.3 Graphical Presentation -- 4.3 Labor Demand -- 4.4 Labor Supply -- 4.5 Resource Markets -- 4.5.1 Resource Supply -- 4.5.2 Resource Use -- 4.5.3 The Biosphere's Absorptive Capacity -- 4.6 The Cobb-Douglas Function -- 4.7 The Per-Worker Production Function -- Appendix: Summary of Terminology -- Appendix: Why K? Why N? Why A? Why Z? Appendix: Treatment in Calculus and AlgebraDiminishing MPK and MPN -- Constant Returns to Scale -- Problems -- References -- 5 The Composition of Output -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Components of Aggregate Demand -- 5.3 Consumption -- 5.4 Investment -- 5.5 Government Expenditure -- 5.6 Net Exports -- 5.7 Real Exchange Rates -- Appendix: Summary of Terminology -- Appendix: Unintended Investment -- Appendix: Alternative Consumption Functions -- Problems -- References -- 6 The Long-Run Model (The Classical World) -- 6.1 Overview -- 6.2 Labor-Market Equilibrium -- 6.3 Equilibrium Output -- 6.4 Markets Work Well. 6.4.1 The Real Wage Will Adjust6.4.2 What's Made Is Sold -- 6.5 What Changes Output -- 6.6 Real-Nominal Divide -- 6.7 Money and Prices -- 6.8 Interest Rates -- 6.9 Policy Implications -- 6.9.1 The Problem of Recession -- 6.10 Growth, the Long-Run Model, and Potential Output -- Appendix: What Is ``Nominal Output''? -- Appendix: Taxes and the Effect on Wages -- Problems -- References -- 7 Growth with Abundant Resources -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Capital and Investment -- 7.3 Resources -- 7.4 Labor Force -- 7.5 Diminishing Returns to Capital -- 7.6 Innovation -- 7.7 Convergence -- 7.8 Mechanics of Growth -- 7.9 Institutions.
Özet:
Natural resources have been a recurring subject of public interest, from the environmental awakening in and the oil crises of the later 20th century, to wide swings in oil prices and increased concern about climate change in the first decades of the 21st century. Standard macroeconomics books treat resources in passing, in an ad hoc manner, if at all. This text integrates resources into the model from the ground up, allowing a more logically consistent understanding of the economic effects of changed resource availability. But the underlying structure remains mostly traditional: a full-employment perspective on the long run and a Keynesian approach to business-cycle fluctuations. This provides an easier adaptation for instructors and gives students the tools to understand economic analysis done in a more conventional framework. The business-cycle material starts with a " natural history" of money to help students see the connections between social and physical phenomena.
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