PART I CHANGE AND DECLINE Chapter 1 Explaining Labor's Political Fortunes 3 (24) Class Theories 5 (3) Segmentation Theory 8 (2) Economic Segmentation 10 (2) Organizational Segmentation 12 (1) The Evolution of Segmented Labor Politics 13 (5) Consolidation and Segmentation in American Labor Politics 18 (4) Overview 22 (5) Chapter 2 Can a Class Theory of Labor Politics Be Saved? 27 (12) Labor in the Stratification System 28 (1) Local Labor-Party Relations 29 (3) Labor and Postproletarian Class Politics 32 (2) Evaluating Greenstone's Theory 34 (5) Chapter 3 Labor as a Changing Social Class 39 (14) Occupational Class Shifts 40 (5) Gender and Race Changes 45 (1) Changes in Earnings: 1970-1990 45 (3) Shifts among the Internationals 48 (3) Summary 51 (2) Chapter 4 Labor's Changing and Turbulent Environment 53 (16) Changes in the Economy 54 (2) Party and Political Changes 56 (3) Impact of Community Changes 59 (4) Revisiting Greenstone's Cities 63 (4) Changing Patterns of Labor Voting 67 (1) Conclusions 67 (2) Chapter 5 All Politics Is Local 69 (20) Studies of Local Labor Politics 69 (2) Theories of Community Politics 71 (4) The Case for Local Politics 75 (1) The Big Five Political Actors 76 (7) Five Groups in Interaction 83 (1) Implications 84 (5) PART II LABOR POLITICS IN THREE CITIES Chapter 6 Economy, Politics, and Labor in Three Cities 89 (30) Cincinnati 91 (8) Cleveland 99 (8) Columbus 107 (8) Comparing the Three Cs 115 (4) Chapter 7 Cleveland: Banking on Tradition 119 (32) The Democratic Party as a Coordinator 121 (3) The Republican Party 124 (1) COPE, Its Satellites, and the Democratic Party 125 (4) Labor's Big Three outside COPE 129 (6) The Big Eight Unions in COPE 135 (11) Evaluating the Labor-Party Political System 146 (1) Applying Segmentation Theory to Labor 147 (4) Chapter 8 Cincinnati: Overcoming Tradition 151 (32) The Democratic Party as a Coordinator 152 (1) Republican Party Dominance 153 (1) Charterites 154 (1) COPE as a Coordinating Party 155 (1) Reorganizing COPE 156 (2) The Politics of the Big Ten Unions 158 (20) Conclusions 178 (5) Chapter 9 Columbus: Comfortable with Tradition 183 (36) The Mighty Republicans 184 (2) The Wobbling Democratic Party 186 (3) COPE's Accommodation Style 189 (2) The Politics of the Big Ten Unions 191 (24) Conclusions 215 (4) Chapter 10 Labor-Party Relations in Three Cities 219 (16) The Labor-Party Nexus 219 (2) The Party as Coordinator 221 (2) Labor's Aggregating Apparatus 223 (4) Community Impacts on Individual Unions 227 (6) Conclusions 233 (2) Chapter 11 Labor, Community, and State Politics 235 (24) The Political Context of the Election 236 (1) The Ohio Survey 237 (2) Community Political Cultures 239 (3) Union and Nonunion Voting Patterns 242 (3) The Politics of Union Members in the Three Cities 245 (6) Assessing Labor's Electoral Efforts 251 (1) Regression Analysis of Voting for the Union's Slate 252 (1) Conclusions 253 (6) PART III LABOR IN NATIONAL POLITICS Chapter 12 Bargaining in the Democratic Party 259 (34) Labor and Party Bargaining Organizations 260 (2) Articulating Labor and Party Structures 262 (3) Labor's Influence in Party Conventions: 1932-1992 265 (15) Labor-Party Segmentation 280 (4) Constructing and Deconstructing a Political Machine 284 (2) A Theory of Sunk Investments 286 (2) A Policy of Stasis 288 (1) Conclusions 289 (4) Chapter 13 Labor Politics in Washington 293 (28) COPE: A View from the Top 294 (5) COPE's Relations to the Party 299 (1) Labor's Congressional Lobby 300 (4) The Liberal Coalition? 304 (4) COPE's Ratings of Congress 308 (6) Regression Analysis 314 (1) Conclusions 315 (6) Chapter 14 Organizational Reform or Movement Revival? 321 (16) From Social Movement to Institution 322 (2) Evidence of Labor Incorporation 324 (1) Will Organized Labor Decline or Die? 324 (2) Administrative Reform or Revival? 326 (3) The Case against Labor Movement Revival 329 (2) Needed Reforms 331 (4) Conclusions 335 (2) Appendix A Interviewing in Cincinnati, Cleveland, and Columbus 337 (10) Interviews 339 (4) Problems of Data Gathering and Interpretation 343 (4) Appendix B Important Historical Dates 347 (12) References 349 (10) Index 359